选修四英语第一课续写

一、不定式做主语：

1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。

e.g: to finish the building in a month is difficult. to do such things is foolish. to see is to believe. (对等) 注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数

2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it搞形式主语，而将不定式放在谓语的后面。 it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： (1)it is/was +adj.+of sb. to do… (2) it is +adj.+for sb.+to do…

it is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary

(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...

it is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do

it takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do… it requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…

_注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语， 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。

it is probable for him to come to the meeting.(弄错) it is possible for him to come to the meeting.

it is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting. 二、不定式做表语

主语就是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task

为中心词的名词词组 或以 what 鼓励的名词性从句则表示，后面的不定式表明其内容, 不定式并作未来式常则表示将来或现在的动作或状态。 eg :my idea is to climb the mountain from the north. your mistake was not to write that letter. what i would suggest is to start work at once. 三、动词不定式并作宾语 以不定式结构为宾语的动词有：

ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等就可以用动词不定式并作宾语 口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词) 想自学 晚急于( want learn plan)

快准备 有希望( prepare hope wish expect) 同意否 供选择(agree offer choose)

决定了 已答应(decide be determined promise) 尽力回去 着手做(manage undertake) 别拒绝 别假装(refuse pretend) 失利不是属你(fail)

e.g.tom refused to lend me his pen. we hope to get there before dark. the girl decided to do it herself.

_特别注意:某些及物动词需用-ing也需用动词不定式并作宾语但意义相同的存有 stop go on remember forget

regret try mean can’t help be used to

1. slide on a banana skin在香蕉皮上摔倒 2. bump into someone else撞到别人 3. round a corner在拐角处 4. fall down掉下

5. be cruel to …对…凶残 6. at times有时,常常

7. be content with对…令人满意 8. badly off(worse off) 贫困

9. astonish us with the deep feelings 用深厚的感情打动…

10. be born in poverty长大家境贫寒 11. become famous for变的有名

12. a particular from of acting一种特定演出方式 13. his entertaining silent movies他滑稽无声电影 14. be well-known throughout the world举世闻名 15. wear worn-out shoes穿着破鞋子 16. carry a walking stick拿着手杖

17. a social failure一个社会生活中的失败分子 18. overcome difficulties克服困难 19. be unkind to sb对…不好 20. a boiled shoe蒸熟的鞋子

21. the problem facing sb面对某人的问题 22. thousands of成千上万

23. rush there in search of冲向…寻找… 24. fortunate enough足够多幸运地 25. pick up拾起…/接某人

26. be caught in a snowstorm遭遇至暴风雪 be caught on被…钩住

27. on the edge of a mountain在大山边缘 28. pick out挑出 29. cut off阻断,阻隔… 30. as if似乎,好象

31. eat every mouthful with great enjoyment 每口都吃得津津有味 32. star in主演…

33. his lifetime outstanding work 他终生优秀的工作

34. be buried in被埋葬在… 35. knock into撞…

36. think it funny to…觉得滑稽… 37. play on words说道俏皮话

38. treat it as a question把…当作一个问题 39. an answer to the question问题的答案 40. go camping去露营

41. in a mountainous area在山区 42. in the open air在户外

43. look up at the stars走跌看著星星 44. how vast the sky is 天空多么广阔

45. try a third time又先行了一次 46. pay special attention to特别注意… 47. bring out the humorous meaning 指出/阐明幽默的意思 48. turn into变为…

49. improve your english vocabulary 不断扩大英语词汇量

50. a sense of success成功感,成就感

paper复数：papers。paper，并作名词时意思就是“纸;论文;文件;报纸”，并作及物动词时意思就是“用纸拌;用纸包装”，Whether及物动词时意思就是“张贴糊墙纸;播发交通违章传票”，并作形容词时意思就是“纸搞的”。 papers基本含义

n.纸;纸张;报纸;文件;文献; v.贴壁纸;

paper的第三人称单数和复数;

i had papers relating to the children which my wife and i had to sign. 我存有一些关于孩子的文件须要我和妻子盖章。 原型：paper paper基本含义

n.纸;纸张;报纸;文件;文献; v.张贴壁纸;

he wrote his name down on a piece of paper for me. 他把他的名字写下在一张纸上交予我。 第三人称单数：papers 复数：papers

现在分词：papering 过去式：papered 过去分词：papered